France was particularly involved

France was particularly involved in this region, partly because of its colonial past. For example, in 2013, Operation Serval (90) was launched to help re-establish the Malian state (until then considered the most “advanced” state in the region) and to support the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA). (91) While this military battle was a success, it did not win the political battle. Operation Barkhane (92) therefore took over in 2014: 4,000 French soldiers were deployed to combat the terrorist threat in the Sahel. This time, the aim was to give a regional dimension to the fight against สล็อต เว็บตรง